International Research Journal of Commerce , Arts and Science

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THE CHANGING COLONIAL MARKET ECONOMY & A RESISTANCE OF THE SANTALS OF BIRBHUM IN 1855

    1 Author(s):  SHASHI SHEIKH

Vol -  9, Issue- 12 ,         Page(s) : 70 - 75  (2018 ) DOI : https://doi.org/10.32804/CASIRJ

Abstract

The first half of the 19th century was the era of devastating changes in the physical environment of rural areas of India. Pre- colonial states never tried to demarcate clearly the sources from the forests or pastoral lands and from that of agriculture .The Company Raj first redefined Indian forest as separate from the agricultural plains before launching a major onslaught on forests and its peaceful people . Large scale deforestation not only resulted in climatic changes but led to the disruption of tribal lands and the rude intrusion of money in the tribal economies. The company with the assistance of Indian money lenders, merchants and neo –zamindars, subdued newly redefined internal tribal frontiers of India .The attack on forests was followed by an invasion on the nomadic-pastoral economy of the tribes leaving them in landlessness, low-wages and bonded labour . This changing market economy of the forest provoked the tribal insurrections in these areas and their migration to plain agricultural lands. The Santal insurrection of 1855 which is also well known as Hool Uprising.

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