Effective teaching necessitates making difficult and principled choices, exercising careful judgment, and honouring the complex nature of the educational mission. The primary mission is to foster the development of skills, dispositions and understanding, while acknowledging thoughtfully and responsibly a wide range of human needs and conditions. Teachers must master the instructional methods and strategies, yet remain critical and reflective about their practice. Based on the latest developments in pedagogy, teaching has become more than an activity that conserves valued knowledge and skills by transmitting. The pedagogy adopted by teachers shape their actions, judgments, and other teaching strategies by taking into consideration theories of learning, understandings of students and their needs, and the backgrounds and interests of individual students. Effective teaching through pedagogy display skills at creating curricula designed to build on students' present knowledge and understanding and move them to more sophisticated and in-depth abilities, knowledge, concepts, and performances. In addition, pedagogy helps to make a range of instructional strategies and resources to match the variety of student skills and to provide each student several ways of exploring important ideas, skills, and concepts. Pedagogy makes a teacher: how to work as facilitators, coaches, models, evaluators, managers, and advocates. Teachers know how to utilize different strategies for learners and different types of media and materials.