The objectives of this study were to analyze lipid content of 10 oil seeds of different plant families and the antimicrobial activities of these plant seeds that can add a new dimension in the alternative medicinal field of Indian origin. Chemical analysis reveals that the major components of all the seeds were myristic acid, ricinoleic acid, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, lauric acid and oleic acid. The other 4 components i.e. linolenic, palmitoleic steric acid and arachidic acid present less than 30% of plant seeds. The primary screening tests for antibacterial and antifungal activities were shown positive for all the compounds. Eschrichea coli and Candida albicans has shown a zone of clearance ranging 11-15 mm where as Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococus aureus, Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum showed the range between 16-20 mm. It is assumed that this oxidative effect could plausibly play an important role in the antimicrobial function of fatty acids.